Every time Apple releases a new OS X version, as a general rule and if we do not want to have problems with the system, it is to perform a clean installation. Once we have finished the installation, we will fill our desktop with all the files that we need to always have at hand, returning again to reign chaos on our desk, especially if we also use it to save any type of document.
Fortunately, OS X allows us configure the different items displayed on the desktop to facilitate the organization of it. We can configure the display of our desktop so that the icons are shown larger, as well as the size of the letter, so that the text is displayed on the side instead of below the icon ...
Configure desktop display

In order to access the different elements that we can configure on the desktop of our Mac, we must go to the View tab of the Finder and select Show display options.
Resize icons in OS X
This option allows us to modify the size of the icons. By default, it is set to 64 × 64, but we can reduce it to 16 × 16 or 128 × 128 p. In this way if we want to expand the desktop to add more icons we can do it by reducing the size. Or if we have a problem with our vision, we can enlarge it so that we can see it without difficulties.
Change font size of desktop icons in OS X
By default, the font size is set to 12, but we can reduce the font size of the icons or enlarge it so that it is easier for us to read. This change does not affect the size of the icons.
Change the spacing between desktop icons in OS X
With this option we can separate icons so that they are not so stuck and we can see at a glance the text that each one shows us.
Change the label of the icons to the side
OS X allows us to change the label or text that is displayed on each desktop icon, so that instead of showing under it, show right.
Show more information
If we activate this box, together with the name of the file or folders, will show the number of files in the folder, in the case of being a directory, or the resolution of the file will be displayed in case of being an image.
Remove preview of files
We can also configure our desktop so that OS X don't show us a content preview thereof. This option is recommended to always have it activated if we want to quickly find the documents and photographs that we need.
Align icons to the grid
OS X also allows us computer automatically all the files and folders that we have on the desktop in alphabetical order, by class, by labels, or simply align the elements to the grid, so that they are all perfectly organized and with the same separation from each other.